Reigning House

Principality of Monaco – House of Grimaldi

Principality of Monaco – House of Grimaldi

Jurisdiction
Monaco
Dynasty
House of Grimaldi
Entry type
House
Editorial status
Reviewed - Verified

Principatu de Múnegu

Monaco, officially the Principality of Monaco (French: Principauté de Monaco; Monégasque: Principatu de Múnegu; Italian: Principato di Monaco; Occitan: Principat de Mónegue), is a sovereign city state, located on the French Riviera in Western Europe. Bordered by France on three sides, with one side bordering the Mediterranean Sea, its center is about 16 km (9.9 mi) from Italy, and is only 15 km (9.3 mi) north east of Nice, France. It has an area of 1.98 km2 (0.76 sq mi), and a population of 35,986, making Monaco the second smallest and the most densely populated country in the world. Monaco has a land border of only 4.4 km (2.7 mi), a coastline of 4.1 km (2.5 mi), and a width that varies between 1.7 km (1.1 mi) and 349 metres (382 yards). The highest point in the country is a narrow pathway named Chemin des Révoires on the slopes of Mont Agel, in the Les Révoires district, which is 161 metres (528 feet) above sea level. Monaco’s most populated Quartier is Monte Carlo, and the most populated Ward is Larvotto/Bas Moulins. After a recent expansion of Port Hercules, Monaco’s total area is 2.05 km2 (0.79 sq mi), with new plans to extend the district of Fontvieille, with land reclaimed from the Mediterranean Sea.

Monaco is a principality governed under a form of constitutional monarchy, with Prince Albert II as head of state. However, even though Prince Albert II is a constitutional monarch, he still has immense political power. The House of Grimaldi have ruled Monaco, with brief interruptions, since 1297. The official language is French, but Monégasque, Italian, and English are widely spoken and understood. The state’s sovereignty was officially recognized by the Franco-Monegasque Treaty of 1861, with Monaco becoming a full UN voting member in 1993, after much political debate. Despite Monaco’s independence and separate foreign policy, its defence is the responsibility of France. However, Monaco does maintain two small military units, totaling 255 officers and men, the Corps des Sapeurs-Pompiers de Monaco, and the Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince.

Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad line to France, and the opening of the first casino, Monte Carlo Casino. Since then, the principality’s mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world-famous as a tourist and recreation center for the rich and famous. However, in more recent years Monaco has become a major banking center holding over €100 billion worth of funds, and has successfully sought to diversify its economy into the services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes, and is well known for being a tax haven. Monaco boasts the world’s highest GDP nominal per capita at $172,676 and GDP PPP per capita at $186,175. Monaco also has the world’s highest life expectancy at almost 90 years, and the lowest unemployment rate at 0%, with over 48,000 workers who commute from France and Italy each day. For the third year in a row, Monaco in 2011 had the world’s most expensive real estate market, at $56,300 per square metre. According to the CIA World Factbook, Monaco has the world’s lowest poverty rate, and the highest number of millionaires and billionaires per capita in the world

The Family Titles and Styles

The members of this family bear the title Prince of Princess of Monaco, together with the formal appellation of His or Her Serene Highness.

The Genealogy of the Princely House

HONORÉ III Camille Léonor, Prince of Monaco (10 Nov 1720-21 Mar 1795); m.5 Jul 1757 (div 1770) Maria Caterina Brignole (7 Oct 1737-Wimbledon 18 Mar 1813)

1a) HONORÉ IV, Prince of Monaco 12 Mar 1795 (Monaco 17 May 1758-Paris 16 Feb 1819); m. Paris 15 Jul 1777 (div 1793) Louise d’Aumont, Duchesse de Mazarin et de la Meilleraye (Paris 22 Oct 1759-Paris 13 Dec 1826)

  • 1b) HONORÉ V Gabriel, Prince of Monaco (Paris 13 May 1778-Paris 2 Oct 1841)
  • 2b) Tancrede FLORESTAN Roger Louis, Prince of Monaco (Paris 10 Oct 1785-Paris 20 Jun 1856); m. Commercy 27 Nov 1816 Caroline Gibert (Paris 18 Jul 1793-Monaco 25 Nov 1879)
  • 1c) CHARLES III Honoré, Prince of Monaco (Paris 8 Dec 1818-Château de Marchais 10 Sep 1889); m. Brussels 28 Sep 1846 Antoinette de Mérode (Brussels 28 Sep 1828-Monaco 10 Feb 1864)
  • 1d) ALBERT Honoré Charles, Prince of Monaco (Paris 13 Nov 1848-Paris 26 Jun 1922); m.1st Château de Marchais 21 Sep 1869 (div 1880) Lady Mary Douglas-Hamilton (Hamilton Palace 11 Dec 1850-Budapest 14 May 1922); m.2d Paris 30 Oct 1889 (judicially separated 1902) Alice Heine, Dowager Dsse de Richelieu (New Orleans 10 Feb 1858-22 Dec 1925)
  • 1e) LOUIS II Honoré Charles Antoine, Prince of Monaco (Baden-Baden 12 Jul 1870-Monaco 9 May 1949); m. Monaco 24 Jul 1946 Ghislaine Dommanget (Rheims 13 Oct 1900-Neuilly-sur-Seine 30 Apr 1991); he had an illegitimate daughter by Marie Juliette Louvet (Pierreval 9 May 1867-Paris 24 Sep 1930):
  • 1f) Charlotte Louise Juliette, legitimated and granted title Dss de Valentinois 16 May 1919, renounced rights in favor of her son 30 May 1944 (Constantine, Algeria 30 Sep 1898-Paris 16 Nov 1977); m. Monaco 19 Mar 1920 (div 1933) Pierre Cte de Polignac, cr Duc de Valentinois, cr Pr of Monaco 18 Mar 1920 (Kerscamp 24 Oct 1895-Neuilly-sur-Seine 10 Nov 1964; see Polignac)
  • 1g) Antoinette Louise Alberte Suzanne, Baronne de Massy (Paris 28 Dec 1920-17 Mar 2011); m.1st Genoa 23 Oct 1951 [?4 Dec 1951] (div 1954) Alexandre Noghès (Monaco 15 Jun 1916-17 Feb 1999); m.2d The Hague 2 Dec 1961 (div 1973) Jean-Charles Rey (Monaco 22 Oct 1914-Monaco 17 Sep 1994); m.3d Monaco 28 Jul 1983 John Gilpin (Southsea, Hants 10 Feb 1930-London 5 Sep 1983)
  • 2g) RAINIER III Louis Henri Maxence Bertrand, Pr of Monaco (Monaco 31 May 1923-Monaco 6 Apr 2005); m. Monaco (civ) 18 Apr 1956 (rel) 19 Apr 1956 Grace Kelly (Philadelphia 12 Nov 1929-k.in car wreck at Monaco 14 Sep 1982)
  • 1h) Caroline Louise Marguerite (b. Monaco 23 Jan 1957); m.1st Monaco (civ) 28 Jun 1978 (rel) 29 Jun 1978 (div 1980) Philippe Michel Francis Junot (b. Paris 19 Apr 1940); m.2d Monaco 29 Dec 1983 Stefano Andrea Casiraghi (Milan 8 Sep 1960-k.in boating accident nr Cap Ferrat 3 Oct 1990); m.3d Monaco 23 Jan 1999 (rel) Marienburg 27 Jan 1999 Ernst August Pr of Hannover (b. Hannover 26 Feb 1954)
  • 1i) Andrea Albert Pierre Casiraghi (b. Princess Grace Clinic, Monte Carlo 8 Jun 1984)
  • 2i) Charlotte Marie Pomeline Casiraghi (b. Princess Grace Clinic, Monte Carlo 3 Aug 1986)

  • 3i) Pierre Rainier Stefano Casiraghi (b. Princess Grace Clinic, Monte Carlo 5 Sep 1987)
  • 2h) ALBERT II Alexandre Louis Pierre, Prince of Monaco (b. Monaco 14 Mar 1958); m. Monaco 1 Jul 2011 (rel) 2 Jul 2011 Charlene Lynette Wittstock (b. Bulawayo, South Africa 25 Jan 1978)
  • 3h) Stéphanie Marie Elisabeth (b. Monaco 1 Feb 1965); m.1st Monaco 1 Jul 1995 (div 1996) Daniel Ducruet (b. Beausoleil 27 Nov 1964); m.2d Vandoeuvres, Switzerland 12 Sep 2003 (div 2005) Adans Lopez Peres (b.1974)
  • 1i) Louis Robert Paul Ducruet (b. Princess Grace Clinic, Monte Carlo 26 Nov 1992)
  • 2i) Pauline Grace Maguy Ducruet (b. Princess Grace Clinic, Monte Carlo 4 May 1994)
  • 3i) Camille Marie Kelly Grimaldi (or Gottlieb) (b. Princess Grace Clinic, Monte Carlo 15 Jul 1998)
  • 2c) Florestine Gabrielle Antoinette (Fontenay 2 Oct 1833-Stuttgart 24 Apr 1897); m. Monaco 15 Feb 1863 Wilhelm, Duke von Urach (Stuttgart 6 Jul 1810-Schloß Lichtenstein 17 Jul 1869)
  • 2a) Joseph Marie Jerôme Honoré (10 Sep 1763-28 Jun 1816); m.6 Apr 1782 Françoise Thérèse de Choiseul-Stainville (8 Dec 1766-guillotined at Paris 26 Jul 1794)
  • 1b) Honorine Camille Athénais (22 Apr 1784-8 May 1879); m.20 Jul 1803 René Louis Victor Marquis de la Tour du Pin (d.4 Jun 1832)
  • 2b) Athénais Euphrasie Louise Philippine (2 Jun 1786-11 Sep 1860); m.8 Aug 1804 Auguste Michel Felicité Le Tellier de Souvre Marquis de Louvois (d.3 Apr 1844)
  • 3b) Delphine Aimée Charlotte (22 Jul 1788- )
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Privacy and Cookie Policy Last updated: 11 August 2026

Neue Gotha respects your privacy and is committed to handling personal data lawfully, fairly, and transparently. This Privacy and Cookie Policy explains who is responsible for personal data, what information we process, why we process it, how long we retain it, who may receive it, and the rights available to individuals under the General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (“GDPR”) and applicable national data-protection and electronic-communications law.

1. Who is responsible for your personal data?

The controller responsible for the processing described in this policy is:

  • Legal name: Neue Gotha Historical Register gUG
  • Trading or project name: Neue Gotha
  • Postal address: Musterstraße 12, 10115 Berlin, Germany
  • Email: editor@neuegotha.de
  • EU/EEA representative: Not applicable (the controller is established in Germany).
  • Data Protection Officer: No Data Protection Officer has been appointed. Privacy enquiries are handled through editor@neuegotha.de.

Questions about this policy or requests concerning personal data may be sent to the email or postal address above.

2. Scope of this policy

This policy applies to personal data processed through https://neuegotha.com, correspondence with the Neue Gotha editorial office, material submitted for editorial consideration, and editorial or archival records concerning identifiable living individuals.

It does not govern independent third-party websites or services linked from this website. Those providers are responsible for their own privacy practices.

3. Personal data we process and why

Processing activity Personal data Purpose Legal basis Retention
Website delivery, logging, and security IP address; date and time of access; requested page or file; referring page; browser, operating-system, and device information; error and security-event data Deliver the website, maintain availability, diagnose faults, prevent abuse, and protect the website and its users Article 6(1)(f) GDPR — our legitimate interests in operating a secure and reliable website. Where processing is required by law, Article 6(1)(c) GDPR may also apply. Routine access and error logs are retained for 14 days. Records isolated for investigation of a suspected security incident may be retained for up to 90 days after the incident is resolved, or longer where required for legal claims.
Editorial correspondence and enquiries Name, contact details, message content, correspondence history, and any documents or other information voluntarily provided Respond to enquiries, assess corrections or submissions, maintain editorial records, and protect legal rights Article 6(1)(f) GDPR — our legitimate interests in conducting editorial work and responding to correspondence; Article 6(1)(b) GDPR where processing is necessary to take steps at an individual’s request before entering into a contract; Article 6(1)(c) GDPR where retention or disclosure is legally required Correspondence is ordinarily retained for 24 months after the matter closes. Material required to document an editorial decision, resolve a dispute, meet a legal obligation, or establish, exercise, or defend a legal claim may be retained for the applicable limitation period.
Editorial, genealogical, and archival records Names; titles and styles; dates and places associated with public or genealogical events; family relationships; jurisdictions, offices, and public roles; images; biographical information; source and citation information; and correspondence relating to accuracy or provenance Research, document, preserve, verify, correct, and publish material concerning dynastic, genealogical, heraldic, and institutional history Article 6(1)(f) GDPR — our legitimate interests and those of readers, researchers, and institutions in maintaining an accurate historical and genealogical reference work, subject to a documented necessity and balancing assessment. Applicable national rules implementing Article 85 GDPR concerning freedom of expression and information may also apply. For as long as the information remains relevant to the legitimate editorial or archival purpose, subject to accuracy review, correction, restriction, erasure, and applicable archiving or legal requirements
Cookie-consent and language preferences Consent choice, language preference, cookie identifiers, and related technical information Remember privacy choices, demonstrate consent where required, and provide the language selected by the visitor Article 6(1)(f) GDPR for strictly necessary preference and consent-management functions; Article 6(1)(a) GDPR for optional storage, access, or associated processing based on consent As stated in the cookie table below
Optional external services IP address, page URL, device and browser information, language choice, and service-interaction data, depending on the provider Provide optional translation, embedded content, analytics, or similar features actually enabled on the website Article 6(1)(a) GDPR — consent. Non-essential services remain disabled until consent is given. As described for each service and by the relevant provider

We do not use personal data for solely automated decisions that produce legal effects or similarly significant effects concerning individuals.

4. Editorial and archival information obtained from other sources

Neue Gotha is an editorial and historical reference project. Some information in the register may concern identifiable living individuals and may not have been collected directly from those individuals.

Depending on the record, information may be obtained from official gazettes and public registers; archives and libraries; published books and scholarly works; institutional publications; reputable news sources; publicly accessible websites; submissions from the individual concerned or their authorised representative; family representatives; and other documented sources.

The categories of information may include the categories listed under “Editorial, genealogical, and archival records” above. The material may be made available to website visitors and may be indexed by search engines. Neue Gotha seeks to use relevant, proportionate, and appropriately sourced information and to distinguish documented fact from uncertainty or editorial interpretation.

Individuals may contact the editorial office to request access, correction, contextualisation, restriction, or erasure. Requests are assessed under the GDPR and applicable national law, taking into account accuracy, source integrity, the public interest, freedom of expression and information, archival considerations, and the rights and freedoms of other people. No provision of this policy removes a right granted by applicable law.

Neue Gotha does not intentionally publish special-category personal data or information concerning criminal convictions about living individuals unless a specific lawful basis and any additional legal condition have been identified and documented.

5. Cookies and similar technologies

Cookies are small text files stored on, or read from, a visitor’s device. Similar technologies may perform comparable functions. Some are strictly necessary for a website or a service expressly requested by the visitor. Others, including many analytics, advertising, social-media, translation, or embedded-content technologies, require prior consent under applicable EU electronic-communications rules.

Neue Gotha does not place or access non-essential cookies, or activate non-essential external services, before valid consent has been given. Visitors may accept or reject optional purposes separately and may withdraw consent at any time by selecting the permanently available “Cookie settings” control. Withdrawing consent does not affect processing that was lawful before withdrawal. Strictly necessary technologies cannot be disabled through the consent tool, but they may be controlled through browser settings where technically possible.

The following table reflects the technologies currently deployed on the website. It is updated whenever a plugin, host, analytics tool, embedded service, or cookie configuration changes.

Name Provider Purpose Category Duration Third-party access
_scc_session Neue Gotha / managed hosting and site-control provider Maintains a short-lived session for website security and site-control functions Strictly necessary Browser session The contracted hosting or site-control provider may access the identifier when providing technical support
_tccl_visit Neue Gotha / managed website-analytics provider Distinguishes a single website visit and reduces duplicate counting within the same session Analytics — disabled until consent 30 minutes Yes; the contracted analytics provider processes the identifier on Neue Gotha’s behalf
_tccl_visitor Neue Gotha / managed website-analytics provider Assigns a pseudonymous visitor identifier used to produce aggregated website-usage statistics Analytics — disabled until consent 12 months Yes; the contracted analytics provider processes the identifier on Neue Gotha’s behalf
googtrans Neue Gotha / Google Translate Stores or applies the visitor’s language selection for the translation feature Functional — disabled until consent 12 months Google may receive technical and service-interaction data when Google Translate is activated
ng_gt_default_applied Neue Gotha / website translation plugin Records whether the website’s default translation setting has been applied Functional — disabled until consent 24 hours No direct vendor access is assumed; Google may receive data if activation causes Google Translate to load
eu_cookies_bar_consent Neue Gotha / locally hosted EU Cookies Bar plugin Stores the visitor’s cookie choices and prevents the banner from being shown unnecessarily Strictly necessary 6 months No, provided the consent plugin remains locally hosted and does not transmit consent records to its developer
wordpress_test_cookie Neue Gotha / WordPress Checks whether the browser supports cookies when an authorised user visits the sign-in page Strictly necessary Browser session No; the cookie is processed by Neue Gotha and its contracted host

Authorised editorial users may receive WordPress authentication, security, or preference cookies when they sign in. wordpress_logged_in_[hash] maintains an authenticated session for up to two weeks when “Remember Me” is selected; wordpress_sec_[hash] protects administrative access for the session; and wp-settings-[user_id] stores an editor’s interface preferences for up to one year. These internal cookies are processed solely for editorial access and site administration.

6. Google Translate, web fonts, and other external content

Where enabled with the visitor’s consent, Neue Gotha may use Google Translate to provide machine-generated translations. Activating the service may cause the visitor’s browser to connect to Google and disclose technical information such as the IP address, requested page URL, browser or device information, and language or service-interaction data. Machine translations may contain errors and do not replace the original editorial text.

Website fonts are hosted locally by Neue Gotha and do not require a connection to Google. Google Translate remains an optional external service that is activated only after the visitor provides consent.

Information about Google’s processing is available in the Google Privacy Policy and Google’s explanation of how it uses information from sites and applications that use its services.

Embedded material from another website may allow that provider to process personal data as if the visitor had visited the provider directly. Non-essential embeds remain blocked until consent is obtained. Each enabled provider is identified in this policy and in the consent interface.

7. Recipients of personal data

Personal data may be disclosed only where necessary to:

  • hosting, content-delivery, backup, website-maintenance, email, security, and consent-management providers acting under contract;
  • translation, analytics, media, or other external-service providers selected by the visitor through the consent interface;
  • professional advisers, insurers, auditors, or other specialists where necessary to protect legal or operational interests;
  • courts, regulators, law-enforcement bodies, or public authorities where disclosure is required or permitted by law; and
  • the public and search engines where personal data form part of a lawfully published editorial or archival record.

8. International data transfers

Some service providers may process personal data outside the European Economic Area. Where the GDPR restricts such a transfer, Neue Gotha relies on an applicable European Commission adequacy decision or appropriate safeguards under Article 46 GDPR, such as the European Commission’s Standard Contractual Clauses, together with supplementary measures where required.

Cloudflare and Google may transfer limited technical information to recipients in the United States. Where the recipient is validly certified, the transfer is based on the European Commission’s adequacy decision for the EU–US Data Privacy Framework. Where that mechanism is unavailable or does not cover a transfer, the relevant provider’s European Commission Standard Contractual Clauses and supplementary technical and organisational measures are used. Information about the applicable safeguards, including how to obtain a copy, may be requested from editor@neuegotha.de.

9. How long we retain personal data

We retain personal data only for as long as necessary for the purposes described in this policy, including security, editorial integrity, source verification, dispute resolution, and compliance with legal obligations. The specific periods or criteria are stated in the processing and cookie tables above.

When a retention period ends, information is deleted or anonymised unless continued retention is required by law, is necessary for legal claims, or is justified by a documented editorial or archival purpose. Encrypted rolling backups are retained for 35 days and are then overwritten automatically, unless a backup has been isolated for incident recovery or a legal hold.

10. Security

Neue Gotha uses appropriate technical and organisational measures designed to protect personal data against accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure, or access. No method of internet transmission or electronic storage is completely secure, and absolute security cannot be guaranteed.

11. Your data-protection rights

Subject to the conditions and limitations in the GDPR and applicable national law, an individual may have the right to:

  • obtain confirmation as to whether personal data concerning them are processed and request access to those data;
  • request correction of inaccurate or incomplete personal data;
  • request erasure of personal data;
  • request restriction of processing;
  • object, on grounds relating to their particular situation, to processing based on legitimate interests;
  • receive personal data they provided in a structured, commonly used, machine-readable format and transmit those data to another controller where the right to portability applies;
  • withdraw consent at any time, without affecting the lawfulness of processing carried out before withdrawal; and
  • lodge a complaint with a competent data-protection supervisory authority.

To exercise a right, contact editor@neuegotha.de. Please identify the information or record concerned and the nature of the request. We may request information reasonably necessary to verify identity and protect personal data from unauthorised disclosure. Requests are normally answered within one month, subject to any extension permitted by law.

Where a request concerns published editorial or archival content, applicable rights may be limited where necessary and proportionate to reconcile data protection with freedom of expression and information or other rights recognised by law. Each request will be assessed individually.

12. Complaints

We encourage individuals to contact us first so that we can try to resolve a concern. Individuals also have the right to complain to the supervisory authority in the EU or EEA country of their habitual residence, place of work, or the place of the alleged infringement.

For this Berlin-based controller the supervisory authority is the Berliner Beauftragte für Datenschutz und Informationsfreiheit, Alt-Moabit 59–61, 10555 Berlin, Germany; telephone +49 30 13889-0; email mailbox@datenschutz-berlin.de; website https://www.datenschutz-berlin.de/.

13. Children

The website is intended as a general historical and reference resource and is not directed specifically at children. We do not knowingly request personal data directly from children for an online service requiring parental consent. If you believe a child has provided personal data inappropriately, please contact us.

14. Changes to this policy

We may update this policy when our processing activities, service providers, technologies, or legal obligations change. The current version will be published on this page with a revised “Last updated” date. Where required, we will provide additional notice or request renewed consent before introducing a new processing purpose.

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