Formerly Sovereign House

Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt

Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – House of Schwarzburg

Jurisdiction
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
Entry type
House
Editorial status
Reviewed - Verified

Fürstentum Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt House of Schwarzburg

Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt was a small historic state in present-day Thuringia, Germany with its capital at Rudolstadt. Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt was established in 1599 in the course of a resettlement of Schwarzburg dynasty lands. Since the 11th century, the ancestral seat of the comital family had been at Schwarzburg Castle, though after 1340, for most of its existence as a polity had the capital at the larger town of Rudolstadt. In 1583 Count Günther XLI of Schwarzburg, the eldest son of Günther XL the Rich and ruler over the united Schwarzburg lands, had died without issue. He was succeeded by his younger brothers, whereby Albert VII received the territory around Rudolstadt. After their brother Count William of Schwarzburg-Frankenhausen had died in 1597, the surviving brothers Albert VII and John Günther I established the two counties of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and Schwarzburg-Sondershausen by the 1599 Treaty of Stadtilm.

Albert’s descendants ruled as sovereign counts of the Holy Roman Empire. Count Albert Anton (1662-1710) was elevated to the rank of a Prince by Emperor Leopold I of Habsburg, it was however his son Louis Frederick I (1710-1718) who first bore the princely title, whereby Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt in 1711 became a principality under the same entity. It withstood the mediatisation and after the Empire’s dissolution joined the Confederation of the Rhine in 1807 and the German Confederation in 1815.

On 23 November 1918, during the German Revolution of 1918-1919 and the fall of all the German monarchies, Prince Günther Victor was the last to abdicate. The former principality became a “Free State” in 1919, that was merged into the new state of Thuringia in the next year. In 1905 Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt had an area of 940 km2 (360 sq mi) and a population of 97,000.

List of the Rulers of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt

Counts of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt

  • 1574-1605: Count Albrecht VII (1537-1605), son of Count Günther XL of Schwarzburg, founder of the county (state) of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
  • 1605-1630: Count Charles Günther I (1576-1630), succeeded by younger brother Louis Günther I
  • 1630-1646: Count Louis Günther I (1581-1646)
  • 1646-1662: Regent Emilie of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst (1614-70)
  • 1662-1710: Count Albert Anton (1641-1710)

Princes of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt

  • 1710-1718: Prince Louis Frederick I (1667-1718)
  • 1718-1744: Prince Frederick Anton (1692-1744)
  • 1744-1767: Prince John Frederick (1721-67)
  • 1767-1790: Prince Louis Günther II (1708-90)
  • 1790-1793: Prince Frederick Charles (1736-93)
  • 1793-1807: Prince Louis Frederick II (1767-1807)
  • 1807-1814: Regent Caroline Louise of Hesse-Homburg (1771-1854)
  • 1814-1867: Prince Frederick Günther (1793-1867)
  • 1867-1869: Prince Albert (1798-1869)
  • 1869-1890: Prince Georg Albert (1838-90)
  • 1890-1918: Prince Günther Victor (1852-1925) succeeded as Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen in 1909 on the death of Prince Karl Günther.

Heads of the princely house of Schwarzburg post-monarchy

On the death of the childless Prince Günther Victor in 1925 he was succeeded by Prince Sizzo (1860-1926) who was the son of Prince Freedrick Günther (1793-1867) from his second, morganatic marriage. Prince Sizzo was recognised as a full member of the House of Schwarzburg in 1896.

  • 1918-1925: Prince Günther Victor (1852-1925)
  • 1925-1926: Prince Sizzo (1860-1926)
  • 1926-1971: Prince Friedrich Günther (1901-1971)

The Family Titles and Styles

The members of this family bore the title of Prince or Princess of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, together with the formal appellation of His or Her Serene Highness.

The Genealogy of the Princely House

  • FRIEDRICH KARL Fst von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (Rudolstadt 7 Jun 1736-
  • Rudolstadt 13 Apr 1793); m.1st Schwarzburg 21 Oct 1763 Friederike Pss
  • von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (Rudolstadt 17 Aug 1745- Rudolstadt 26 Jan
  • 1778); m.2d Stadtroda 28 Nov 1780 Auguste Pss of Saxe-Gotha (Stadtroda
  • 30 Nov 1752-Rudolstadt 28 May 1805)
  • 1a) Friederike (Rudolstadt 12
  • May 1765-Rudolstadt 4 Feb 1767)
  • 2a) LUDWIG FRIEDRICH Fst von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (Rudolstadt 9
  • Aug 1767-Rudolstadt 28 Apr 1807); m. Homburg 21 Jul 1791 Caroline
  • Ldgvne of Hesse-Homburg (Homburg 26 Aug 1771-Rudolstadt 20 Jun 1854)
  • 1b) Karoline Auguste Friederike Cäcilie
  • (Rudolstadt 17 Jul 1792-Rudolstadt 4 Mar 1794)
  • 2b) FRIEDRICH GÜNTHER Fst von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (Rudolstadt 6 Nov
  • 1793-Schloß Heidecksburg 28 Jun 1867); m.1st Dessau 15 Apr 1816 Auguste
  • Pss of Anhalt-Dessau (Dessau 18 Aug 1793-Rudolstadt 12 Jun 1854); m.2d
  • Dresden 7 Aug 1855 Helene Pss of Anhalt (Dessau 1 Mar 1835-Rudolstadt
  • 6 Jun 1860); m.3d (morganatically) Schwarzburg 24 Sep 1861 Marie Schultze,
  • cr 1864 Gfn von Brockenburg (Insterburg 22 Oct 1840-Bern 19 Mar 1909)
  • 1c) Friedrich Günther (Rudolstadt
  • 31 Jan 1818-Rudolstadt 16 Mar 1821)
  • 2c) Günther (Rudolstadt 5 Nov
  • 1821-Rudolstadt 11 Nov 1845)
  • 3c) Gustav (Rudolstadt 7 Jan
  • 1828-Rudolstadt 30 Nov 1837)
  • 4c) Helene, cr 1860 Pss von Leutenberg (Rudolstadt 2 Jun 1860
  • -Hannover 17 May 1937); m. Rudolstadt 24 Jan 1884 Hans Pr von
  • Schoenaich-Carolath (Saabor 26 Aug 1849-Hannover 5/6 May 1910)
  • 5c) Günther SIZZO, cr 1860 Pr von Leutenberg, recognized as heir
  • presumptive 1896, succeeded his cousin as Fst von Schwarzburg
  • 1925 (Rudolstadt 3 Jun 1860- Großharthau 24 Mar 1926); m. Dessau
  • 25 Jan 1897 Alexandra Pss of Anhalt (Dessau 4 Apr 1868-
  • Schwetzingen 26 Aug 1958)
  • 1d) Marie-Antoinette (Großharthau 7 Feb 1898-Schloß Blumenthal
  • 4 Nov 1984); m. Wildenfels 4 Jan 1925 Friedrich Magnus Gf zu Solms
  • -Wildenfels (Wildenfels 1 Nov 1886-Groß-Schweidnitz 6 Sep 1945)
  • 2d) Irene (Großhartau 27 May 1899-Munich 28 Feb 1939)
  • 3d) FRIEDRICH GÜNTHER Fst von Schwarzburg (Großharthau 5 Mar 1901-Munich
  • 9 Nov 1971); m. Heinrichau, Silesia 7 Mar 1938 (div 1938) Sophie Pss of
  • Saxe-Weimar (Weimar 20 Nov 1911-Hamburg 21 Nov 1988)
  • 3b) Thekla (Rudolstadt 23 Feb 1795-Gauernitz 4 Jan 1861); m.
  • Rudolstadt 11 Apr 1817 Otto Viktor Fst von Schönburg-Waldenburg
  • (1 Mar 1785-16 Feb 1859)
  • 4b) Karoline (Rudolstadt 7 Jun
  • 1796-Rudolstadt 18 Dec 1796)
  • 5b) ALBERT Fst von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (Rudolstadt 30 Apr 1798-
  • Rudolstadt 26 Nov 1869); m. Berlin-Schönhausen 26 Jul 1827 Auguste
  • Pss zu Solms-Braunfels (Triesdorf 25 Jul 1804-Eichberg 8 Oct 1865)
  • 1c) Karl Günther Friedrich Ernst Wilhelm
  • (Rudolstadt 30 Apr 1828-Rudolstadt 9 May 1828)
  • 2c) Elisabeth (Rudolstadt 1 Oct 1833-Detmold 27 Nov 1896);
  • m. Rudolstadt 17 Apr 1852 Leopold Fst zur Lippe (Detmold 1
  • Sep 1821-Detmold 8 Dec 1875)
  • 3c) GEORG Albert Fst von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
  • (Rudolstadt 23 Nov 1838-Rudolstadt 19 Jan 1890)
  • 4c) Ernst (Rudolstadt 15
  • Mar 1848-Rudolstadt 19 Mar 1848)
  • 6b) Bernhard (Rudolstadt 23 Jun
  • 1801-Rudolstadt 26 Jan 1816)
  • 7b) Rudolph (Rudolstadt 23 Jun
  • 1801-Rudolstadt 21 Jul 1808)
  • 3a) Therese Sophie Henriette (Rudolstadt
  • 31 Mar 1770-Rudolstadt 23 May 1783)
  • 4a) Karl Günther (Rudolstadt 23 Aug 1771-Rudolstadt 4 Feb 1825)
  • ; m. Homburg 19 Jun 1793 Ulrike Ldgvne of Hesse-Homburg (Homburg
  • 26 Oct 1772-Rudolstadt 18 Sep 1854)
  • 1b) Friedrich (b.and d.
  • Rudolstadt 6 Oct 1798)
  • 2b) Ludwig Heinrich Theodor (Rudolstadt
  • 9 May 1800-Rudolstadt 20 Jul 1800)
  • 3b) Franz Friedrich Karl Adolf (Rudolstadt 27 Sep 1801-Rudolstadt
  • 1 Jul 1875); m. Waldenburg 27 Sep 1847 Mathilde Pss von Schönburg
  • -Waldenburg (Waldenburg 18 Nov 1826-Rudolstadt 22 Mar 1914)
  • 1c) Marie Karoline Auguste (Rudolstadt 29 Jan 1850-The Hague
  • 22 Apr 1922); m. Rudolstadt 4 Jul 1868 Friedrich Franz III,
  • Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (Ludwigslust 28 Feb 1823
  • -Schwerin 15 Apr 1883)
  • 2c) GÜNTHER Victor Fst von Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, succeeded
  • his cousin Georg as Fürst von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt in 1890,
  • succeeded his cousin Karl as Fürst von Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
  • in 1909, and assumed the title Fürst von Schwarzburg; abdicated
  • 22 Nov 1918 (Rudolstadt 21 Aug 1852-Sondershausen 16 Apr 1925);
  • m. Rudolstadt 9 Dec 1891 Anna Pss von Schönburg-Waldenburg
  • (Hermsdorf 19 Feb 1871-Sondershausen 7 Nov 1951)
  • 3c) Thekla (Rudolstadt 12 Aug
  • 1859-Rudolstadt 5 Feb 1939)
  • 4c) Luise (Rudolstadt 5 Jan
  • 1862-Droyssig 7 Jun 1867)
  • 4b) Karoline Auguste Luise Amalie (Rudolstadt 4 Apr 1804
  • -Rudolstadt 14 Jan 1829); m. Rudolstadt 6 Aug 1825 Georg
  • Pr of Anhalt (Dessau 21 Feb 1896-Dresden 16 Oct 1865)
  • 5b) Wilhelm Friedrich (Rudolstadt
  • 31 May 1806-Dresden 6 May 1849)
  • 6b) Karoline Irene Marie (Rudolstadt 6 Apr 1809-Arnstadt
  • 29 Mar 1833); m. Rudolstadt 12 Mar 1827 Günther Fst von
  • Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (1801-1889)
  • 5a) Wilhelmine Friederike Karoline (Rudolstadt 21 Jan 1774
  • -Arnstadt 11 Jan 1854); m. Rudolstadt 23 Jun 1799 Günther
  • Fst von Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (1760-1837)
  • 6a) Christiane Luise (Rudolstadt 2 Nov 1775-Kassel 25
  • Dec 1808); m. Rudolstadt 10 Apr 1796 Ernst Konstantin
  • Ldgve of Hesse-Philippsthal (1771-1849)
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Privacy and Cookie Policy Last updated: 11 August 2026

Neue Gotha respects your privacy and is committed to handling personal data lawfully, fairly, and transparently. This Privacy and Cookie Policy explains who is responsible for personal data, what information we process, why we process it, how long we retain it, who may receive it, and the rights available to individuals under the General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (“GDPR”) and applicable national data-protection and electronic-communications law.

1. Who is responsible for your personal data?

The controller responsible for the processing described in this policy is:

  • Legal name: Neue Gotha Historical Register gUG
  • Trading or project name: Neue Gotha
  • Postal address: Musterstraße 12, 10115 Berlin, Germany
  • Email: editor@neuegotha.de
  • EU/EEA representative: Not applicable (the controller is established in Germany).
  • Data Protection Officer: No Data Protection Officer has been appointed. Privacy enquiries are handled through editor@neuegotha.de.

Questions about this policy or requests concerning personal data may be sent to the email or postal address above.

2. Scope of this policy

This policy applies to personal data processed through https://neuegotha.com, correspondence with the Neue Gotha editorial office, material submitted for editorial consideration, and editorial or archival records concerning identifiable living individuals.

It does not govern independent third-party websites or services linked from this website. Those providers are responsible for their own privacy practices.

3. Personal data we process and why

Processing activity Personal data Purpose Legal basis Retention
Website delivery, logging, and security IP address; date and time of access; requested page or file; referring page; browser, operating-system, and device information; error and security-event data Deliver the website, maintain availability, diagnose faults, prevent abuse, and protect the website and its users Article 6(1)(f) GDPR — our legitimate interests in operating a secure and reliable website. Where processing is required by law, Article 6(1)(c) GDPR may also apply. Routine access and error logs are retained for 14 days. Records isolated for investigation of a suspected security incident may be retained for up to 90 days after the incident is resolved, or longer where required for legal claims.
Editorial correspondence and enquiries Name, contact details, message content, correspondence history, and any documents or other information voluntarily provided Respond to enquiries, assess corrections or submissions, maintain editorial records, and protect legal rights Article 6(1)(f) GDPR — our legitimate interests in conducting editorial work and responding to correspondence; Article 6(1)(b) GDPR where processing is necessary to take steps at an individual’s request before entering into a contract; Article 6(1)(c) GDPR where retention or disclosure is legally required Correspondence is ordinarily retained for 24 months after the matter closes. Material required to document an editorial decision, resolve a dispute, meet a legal obligation, or establish, exercise, or defend a legal claim may be retained for the applicable limitation period.
Editorial, genealogical, and archival records Names; titles and styles; dates and places associated with public or genealogical events; family relationships; jurisdictions, offices, and public roles; images; biographical information; source and citation information; and correspondence relating to accuracy or provenance Research, document, preserve, verify, correct, and publish material concerning dynastic, genealogical, heraldic, and institutional history Article 6(1)(f) GDPR — our legitimate interests and those of readers, researchers, and institutions in maintaining an accurate historical and genealogical reference work, subject to a documented necessity and balancing assessment. Applicable national rules implementing Article 85 GDPR concerning freedom of expression and information may also apply. For as long as the information remains relevant to the legitimate editorial or archival purpose, subject to accuracy review, correction, restriction, erasure, and applicable archiving or legal requirements
Cookie-consent and language preferences Consent choice, language preference, cookie identifiers, and related technical information Remember privacy choices, demonstrate consent where required, and provide the language selected by the visitor Article 6(1)(f) GDPR for strictly necessary preference and consent-management functions; Article 6(1)(a) GDPR for optional storage, access, or associated processing based on consent As stated in the cookie table below
Optional external services IP address, page URL, device and browser information, language choice, and service-interaction data, depending on the provider Provide optional translation, embedded content, analytics, or similar features actually enabled on the website Article 6(1)(a) GDPR — consent. Non-essential services remain disabled until consent is given. As described for each service and by the relevant provider

We do not use personal data for solely automated decisions that produce legal effects or similarly significant effects concerning individuals.

4. Editorial and archival information obtained from other sources

Neue Gotha is an editorial and historical reference project. Some information in the register may concern identifiable living individuals and may not have been collected directly from those individuals.

Depending on the record, information may be obtained from official gazettes and public registers; archives and libraries; published books and scholarly works; institutional publications; reputable news sources; publicly accessible websites; submissions from the individual concerned or their authorised representative; family representatives; and other documented sources.

The categories of information may include the categories listed under “Editorial, genealogical, and archival records” above. The material may be made available to website visitors and may be indexed by search engines. Neue Gotha seeks to use relevant, proportionate, and appropriately sourced information and to distinguish documented fact from uncertainty or editorial interpretation.

Individuals may contact the editorial office to request access, correction, contextualisation, restriction, or erasure. Requests are assessed under the GDPR and applicable national law, taking into account accuracy, source integrity, the public interest, freedom of expression and information, archival considerations, and the rights and freedoms of other people. No provision of this policy removes a right granted by applicable law.

Neue Gotha does not intentionally publish special-category personal data or information concerning criminal convictions about living individuals unless a specific lawful basis and any additional legal condition have been identified and documented.

5. Cookies and similar technologies

Cookies are small text files stored on, or read from, a visitor’s device. Similar technologies may perform comparable functions. Some are strictly necessary for a website or a service expressly requested by the visitor. Others, including many analytics, advertising, social-media, translation, or embedded-content technologies, require prior consent under applicable EU electronic-communications rules.

Neue Gotha does not place or access non-essential cookies, or activate non-essential external services, before valid consent has been given. Visitors may accept or reject optional purposes separately and may withdraw consent at any time by selecting the permanently available “Cookie settings” control. Withdrawing consent does not affect processing that was lawful before withdrawal. Strictly necessary technologies cannot be disabled through the consent tool, but they may be controlled through browser settings where technically possible.

The following table reflects the technologies currently deployed on the website. It is updated whenever a plugin, host, analytics tool, embedded service, or cookie configuration changes.

Name Provider Purpose Category Duration Third-party access
_scc_session Neue Gotha / managed hosting and site-control provider Maintains a short-lived session for website security and site-control functions Strictly necessary Browser session The contracted hosting or site-control provider may access the identifier when providing technical support
_tccl_visit Neue Gotha / managed website-analytics provider Distinguishes a single website visit and reduces duplicate counting within the same session Analytics — disabled until consent 30 minutes Yes; the contracted analytics provider processes the identifier on Neue Gotha’s behalf
_tccl_visitor Neue Gotha / managed website-analytics provider Assigns a pseudonymous visitor identifier used to produce aggregated website-usage statistics Analytics — disabled until consent 12 months Yes; the contracted analytics provider processes the identifier on Neue Gotha’s behalf
googtrans Neue Gotha / Google Translate Stores or applies the visitor’s language selection for the translation feature Functional — disabled until consent 12 months Google may receive technical and service-interaction data when Google Translate is activated
ng_gt_default_applied Neue Gotha / website translation plugin Records whether the website’s default translation setting has been applied Functional — disabled until consent 24 hours No direct vendor access is assumed; Google may receive data if activation causes Google Translate to load
eu_cookies_bar_consent Neue Gotha / locally hosted EU Cookies Bar plugin Stores the visitor’s cookie choices and prevents the banner from being shown unnecessarily Strictly necessary 6 months No, provided the consent plugin remains locally hosted and does not transmit consent records to its developer
wordpress_test_cookie Neue Gotha / WordPress Checks whether the browser supports cookies when an authorised user visits the sign-in page Strictly necessary Browser session No; the cookie is processed by Neue Gotha and its contracted host

Authorised editorial users may receive WordPress authentication, security, or preference cookies when they sign in. wordpress_logged_in_[hash] maintains an authenticated session for up to two weeks when “Remember Me” is selected; wordpress_sec_[hash] protects administrative access for the session; and wp-settings-[user_id] stores an editor’s interface preferences for up to one year. These internal cookies are processed solely for editorial access and site administration.

6. Google Translate, web fonts, and other external content

Where enabled with the visitor’s consent, Neue Gotha may use Google Translate to provide machine-generated translations. Activating the service may cause the visitor’s browser to connect to Google and disclose technical information such as the IP address, requested page URL, browser or device information, and language or service-interaction data. Machine translations may contain errors and do not replace the original editorial text.

Website fonts are hosted locally by Neue Gotha and do not require a connection to Google. Google Translate remains an optional external service that is activated only after the visitor provides consent.

Information about Google’s processing is available in the Google Privacy Policy and Google’s explanation of how it uses information from sites and applications that use its services.

Embedded material from another website may allow that provider to process personal data as if the visitor had visited the provider directly. Non-essential embeds remain blocked until consent is obtained. Each enabled provider is identified in this policy and in the consent interface.

7. Recipients of personal data

Personal data may be disclosed only where necessary to:

  • hosting, content-delivery, backup, website-maintenance, email, security, and consent-management providers acting under contract;
  • translation, analytics, media, or other external-service providers selected by the visitor through the consent interface;
  • professional advisers, insurers, auditors, or other specialists where necessary to protect legal or operational interests;
  • courts, regulators, law-enforcement bodies, or public authorities where disclosure is required or permitted by law; and
  • the public and search engines where personal data form part of a lawfully published editorial or archival record.

8. International data transfers

Some service providers may process personal data outside the European Economic Area. Where the GDPR restricts such a transfer, Neue Gotha relies on an applicable European Commission adequacy decision or appropriate safeguards under Article 46 GDPR, such as the European Commission’s Standard Contractual Clauses, together with supplementary measures where required.

Cloudflare and Google may transfer limited technical information to recipients in the United States. Where the recipient is validly certified, the transfer is based on the European Commission’s adequacy decision for the EU–US Data Privacy Framework. Where that mechanism is unavailable or does not cover a transfer, the relevant provider’s European Commission Standard Contractual Clauses and supplementary technical and organisational measures are used. Information about the applicable safeguards, including how to obtain a copy, may be requested from editor@neuegotha.de.

9. How long we retain personal data

We retain personal data only for as long as necessary for the purposes described in this policy, including security, editorial integrity, source verification, dispute resolution, and compliance with legal obligations. The specific periods or criteria are stated in the processing and cookie tables above.

When a retention period ends, information is deleted or anonymised unless continued retention is required by law, is necessary for legal claims, or is justified by a documented editorial or archival purpose. Encrypted rolling backups are retained for 35 days and are then overwritten automatically, unless a backup has been isolated for incident recovery or a legal hold.

10. Security

Neue Gotha uses appropriate technical and organisational measures designed to protect personal data against accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure, or access. No method of internet transmission or electronic storage is completely secure, and absolute security cannot be guaranteed.

11. Your data-protection rights

Subject to the conditions and limitations in the GDPR and applicable national law, an individual may have the right to:

  • obtain confirmation as to whether personal data concerning them are processed and request access to those data;
  • request correction of inaccurate or incomplete personal data;
  • request erasure of personal data;
  • request restriction of processing;
  • object, on grounds relating to their particular situation, to processing based on legitimate interests;
  • receive personal data they provided in a structured, commonly used, machine-readable format and transmit those data to another controller where the right to portability applies;
  • withdraw consent at any time, without affecting the lawfulness of processing carried out before withdrawal; and
  • lodge a complaint with a competent data-protection supervisory authority.

To exercise a right, contact editor@neuegotha.de. Please identify the information or record concerned and the nature of the request. We may request information reasonably necessary to verify identity and protect personal data from unauthorised disclosure. Requests are normally answered within one month, subject to any extension permitted by law.

Where a request concerns published editorial or archival content, applicable rights may be limited where necessary and proportionate to reconcile data protection with freedom of expression and information or other rights recognised by law. Each request will be assessed individually.

12. Complaints

We encourage individuals to contact us first so that we can try to resolve a concern. Individuals also have the right to complain to the supervisory authority in the EU or EEA country of their habitual residence, place of work, or the place of the alleged infringement.

For this Berlin-based controller the supervisory authority is the Berliner Beauftragte für Datenschutz und Informationsfreiheit, Alt-Moabit 59–61, 10555 Berlin, Germany; telephone +49 30 13889-0; email mailbox@datenschutz-berlin.de; website https://www.datenschutz-berlin.de/.

13. Children

The website is intended as a general historical and reference resource and is not directed specifically at children. We do not knowingly request personal data directly from children for an online service requiring parental consent. If you believe a child has provided personal data inappropriately, please contact us.

14. Changes to this policy

We may update this policy when our processing activities, service providers, technologies, or legal obligations change. The current version will be published on this page with a revised “Last updated” date. Where required, we will provide additional notice or request renewed consent before introducing a new processing purpose.

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