Formerly Sovereign House

Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz – House of Mecklenburg

Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz – House of Mecklenburg – The Grand Duchy consisted of two detached parts, Neustrelitz on the east of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, and Ratzeburg on the west.

Jurisdiction
Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Dynasty
House of Mecklenburg
Entry type
House
Editorial status
Reviewed - Verified

Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Streltz

GroßHerzogtum Mecklenburg-Strelitz

House of Mecklenburg

The Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz consisted of two detached parts, Neustrelitz on the east of Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, and the Principality of Ratzeburg on the west. The first was bounded by Schwerin, Pomerania and Brandenburg, the second by Schwerin, Lauenburg, and the territory of the Free City of Lübeck. Mecklenburg-Strelitz adopted the constitution of the sister Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin by an act of September 1755. In 1806 it was spared the infliction of a First French Empire occupation through the good offices of the King of Bavaria Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria; in 1808 the duke Charles II joined the Confederation of the Rhine, but in 1813 he withdrew therefrom. Having been a member of the alliance against Napoleon he joined the German Confederation in 1815 and assumed the title of Grand duke.

In 1866 the Grand Duchy joined the North German Confederation and the Zollverein, and began to pass more and more under the influence of Kingdom of Prussia, who in the Austro-Prussian War with Empire of Austria had been aided by the soldiers of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. In the Franco-Prussian War also Kingdom of Prussia received valuable assistance from Mecklenburg-Strelitz. In 1871 the grand duchy became a state of the German Empire. There was now a renewal of the agitation for a more democratic constitution, and the German Reichstag gave some countenance to this movement. In 1904 Adolphus Frederick V, a son of the grand duke Frederick William and his wife Princess Augusta of Cambridge, daughter of Prince Adolphus, became grand duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. In 1907, the Grand Duke promised a constitution to their subjects. The duchy had always been under a government of feudal character, the grand duke having the executive entirely in their hands (though acting through ministers), while the duchy shared a diet (Landtag), meeting for a short session each year, and at other times represented by a committee, and consisting of the proprietors of knights’ estates (Rittergiiter), known as the Ritter-schaft, and the Landschaft or burgomasters of certain towns. Mecklenburg-Strelitz returned one member to the Reichstag. The grand duke still styled Prince of the Wends.

The lingering end of the ruling family of Mecklenburg-Strelitz occurred just prior to the loss of actual monarchy in developments of World War I – at that time, there existed only two surviving recognized male dynasts of Strelitz, the young Grand Duke Adolphus Frederick VI and his cousin Charles Michael who was in Russian service, being a son of Grand Duchess Catherine Mikhailovna. In 1914, before the proclamation of war between Germany and Russia, Duke Charles Michael renounced his Mecklenburgish citizenship. On 23 February 1918, Grand Duke Adolf Frederick VI committed suicide, leaving his cousin Charles Michael as heir to the Strelitz throne. Being in Russia, however, Charles Michael did not assume the throne and in 1918, he wrote to Grand Duke Frederick Francis IV of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, who was acting as regent in Strelitz, stating that he wished to renounce his rights of succession to Strelitz, though the letter was only received by Frederick Francis in 1919 after the end of German monarchies, so the issue of succession could not be resolved in time.

The House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz survives to this day descending from Duke George, the morganatic son of Duke George Alexander with Countess Natalia Carlow and nephew of Duke Charles Michael, who adopted him in 1928. George subsequently assumed the title “Duke of Mecklenburg” (Serene Highness) which was acknowledged by Grand Duke Frederick Francis IV of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. He was later given the style of Highness by the House of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. George’s grandson Borwin is the present head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. The American county of Mecklenburg which includes the city of Charlotte, North Carolina is named after the duchy.

List of the Dukes and Grand Dukes of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

Name (lived) Reign Notes
Adolf Frederick II
(19 October 1658-12 May 1708)		 1701-1708 (Uncle of Frederick William of Mecklenburg-Schwerin) Duchy created, inaugural Duke
Adolf Friedrich III
(7 June 1686-11 December 1752)		 1708-1752 (Son of Adolf Frederick II)
Adolf Friedrich IV
(5 May 1738-2 June 1794)		 1752/53-1794 (Nephew of Adolf Friedrich III)
Charles II
(10 October 1741-6 November 1816)		 1794-1816 (Brother of Adolf Friedrich IV) from 1815 Grand Duke
Georg
(12 August 1779-6 September 1860)		 1816-1860 (Son of Charles II)
Friedrich Wilhelm
(17 October 1819-30 May 1904)		 1860-1904 (Son of Georg)
Adolf Friedrich V
(22 July 1848-11 June 1914)		 1904-1914 [Son of Friedrich Wilhelm]
Adolf Friedrich VI
(17 July 1883-23 February 1918)		 1914-1918 (Son of Adolf Friedrich V)
Frederick Francis IV
(9 April 1882-17 November 1945)		 1918 District Administrator

Titles and Styles of the Ducal House

The members of this family bore the titles Duke or Duchess of Mecklenburg together formal appellation of His or Her Highness.

Genealogy of the Ducal House

Karl Ludwig Friedrich, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Strelitz 23 Feb 1708-Mirow 5 Jun 1752); m. Eisfeld 5 Feb 1735 Elisabeth Albertine Pss of Saxe-Hildburghausen (Hildburghausen 3 Aug 1713-Neustrelitz 29 Jun 1761)

  • 1a) Christiane (Mirow 6 Dec 1735-Neustrelitz 31 Aug 1794)
  • 2a) Karoline (b.and d. Mirow 22 Dec 1736)
  • 3a) ADOLF FRIEDRICH IV, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, succeeded his uncle, Adolf Friedrich III, 11 Dec 1752 (Mirow 5 May 1738-Neustrelitz 2 Jun 1794)
  • 4a) Elisabeth Christine (Mirow 13 Apr 1739-9 Apr 1741)
  • 5a) Sophie Luise (Mirow 16 May 1740-Neustrelitz 31 Jan 1742)
  • 6a) KARL II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, then Grand Duke KARL of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 28 Jun 1815 (Mirow 10 Oct 1741-Neustrelitz 6 Nov 1816); m.1st Darmstadt 18 Sep 1768 Friederike, Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt (Darmstadt 20 Aug 1752-Hannover 22 May 1782); m.2d Darmstadt 28 Sep 1784 Charlotte, Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt (Darmstadt 5 Nov 1755-Hannover 12 Dec 1785)
  • 1b) Charlotte Georgine Luise Friederike (Hannover 17 Nov 1769-Hildburghausen 14 May 1818); m. Hildburghausen 3 Sep 1785 Friedrich, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen [later, Saxe-Altenburg] (Hildburghausen 29 Apr 1763-Huumelshain 29 Sep 1834)
  • 2b) Karoline Auguste (Hannover 17 Feb 1771-Hannover 11 Jan 1773)
  • 3b) Georg Karl Friedrich (Hannover 4 Mar 1772-Hannover 21 May 1773)
  • 4b) Therese (Hannover 5 Apr 1773-Regensburg 12 Feb 1839); m. Neustrelitz 25 May 1789 Karl Alexander Fst von Thurn u. Taxis (Regensburg 22 Feb 1770-Regensburg 15 Jul 1827)
  • 5b) Friedrich Georg Karl (Hannover 1 Sep 1774-Hannover 5 Nov 1774)
  • 6b) Luise Auguste Wilhelmine Amalie (Hannover 10 Mar 1776-Hohenzieritz 19 Jul 1810); m. Berlin 24 Dec 1793 King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia (Potsdam 3 Aug 1770-Berlin 7 Jun 1840)
  • 7b) Friederike Karoline Sophie Alexandrine (Hannover 2 Mar 1778-Hannover 29 Jun 1841); m.1st Berlin 26 Dec 1793 Ludwig Pr of Prussia (Potsdam 5 Nov 1773-Berlin 28 Dec 1796); m.2d Berlin 10 Dec 1798 Friedrich Pr zu Solms-Braunfels (Braunfels 22 Oct 1770-Slaventzitz 13 Apr 1814); m.3d Neustrelitz 29 May 1815 Ernest Augustus Pr of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover, Duke of Cumberland, etc [King Ernst August I of Hannover 1837] (Buckingham House 5 Jun 1771-Herrenhausen 18 Nov 1851)
  • 8b) GEORG Friedrich Karl Joseph, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Hannover 12 Aug 1779-Neustrelitz 6 Sep 1860); m. Kassel 12 Aug 1817 Marie Pss of Hesse-Kassel (Hanau 21 Jan 1796-Neustrelitz 30 Dec 1880)
  • 1c) Karoline Luise Marie Friederike Therese Charlotte Wilhelmine Auguste (Neustrelitz 31 May 1818-Rome 1 Feb 1842)
  • 2c) FRIEDRICH WILHELM Karl Georg Ernst Adolf Gustav, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Neustrelitz 17 Oct 1819-Neustrelitz 30 May 1904); m. Buckingham Palace 28 Jun 1843 Augusta Pss of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover, etc (Hannover 19 Jul 1822-Neustrelitz 5 Dec 1916)
  • 1d) Friedrich Wilhelm (b.and d. London 13 Jan 1845)
  • 2d) Georg ADOLF FRIEDRICH V August Viktor Ernst Adalbert Gustav Wilhelm Wellington, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Neustrelitz 22 Jul 1848-Berlin 11 Jun 1914); m. Dessau 17 Apr 1877 Elisabeth Pss of Anhalt (Wörlitz 7 Sep 1857-Neustrelitz 20 Jul 1933)
  • 1e) Victoria Marie Auguste Luise Antoinette Karoline Leopoldine (Neustrelitz 8 May 1878-Oberkassel 14 Oct 1948); m.1st White Lodge, Richmond 22 Jun 1899 (div 1908) Count Georg Jamatel (St. Petersburg 18 Apr 1859-Paris 13 Mar 1944); m.2d Neustrelitz 11 Aug 1914 Julius Ernst Pr zur Lippe (Oberkassel 2 Sep 1873-Oberkassel 15 Sep 1952)
  • 2e) Auguste Charlotte Jutta Alexandra Georgine Adolfine (Neustrelitz 24 Jan 1880-Rome 17 Feb 1946); m. Cetinje 15 Jul 1899 King Danilo of Montenegro (Cetinje 17 Jun 1871-Vienna 24 Sep 1939)
  • 3e) ADOLF FRIEDRICH VI Georg Ernst Albert Eduard, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Neustrelitz 17 Jun 1882-committed suicide at Neustrelitz 23 Feb 1918)
  • 4e) Karl Borwin Christian Alexander Arthur (Neustrelitz 10 Oct 1888-Bans, St. Martin 24 Aug 1908)
  • 3c) Karoline Charlotte Marianne (Neustrelitz 10 Jan 1821-Neustrelitz 1 Jun 1876); m. Neustrelitz 10 Jun 1841 (div 1846) Prince [later, King] Frederik [VII] of Denmark (Copenhagen 6 Oct 1808-Glücksburg 15 Nov 1863)
  • 4c) Georg August Ernst Adolf Karl Ludwig (Neustrelitz 11 Jan 1824-St. Petersburg 20 Jun 1876); m. St. Petersburg 16 Feb 1851 Catherine, Grand Dss of Russia (St. Petersburg 28 Aug 1827-St. Petersburg 12 May 1894)
  • 1d) Nikolaus Georg Michael Karl (b.and d. St. Petersburg 11 Jul 1854)
  • 2d) Helene Marie Alexandra Elisabeth Auguste Karoline (St. Petersburg 16 Jan 1857-Remplin 28 Aug 1936); m. Remplin 13 Dec 1891 Albrecht Pr of Saxe-Altenburg (Munich 14 Apr 1843-Serrahn 22 May 1902)
  • 3d) Georg Alexander Michael Friedrich Wilhelm Franz Karl (Remplin 6 Jun 1859-St. Petersburg 5 Dec 1909); m. St. Petersburg 14 Feb 1890 Natalia Vanljarskaya, cr Gfn von Carlow 18 Mar 1890 (St. Petersburg 16 May 1858-Cannes 14 Mar 1921)
  • 1e) Catherine Helene Gfn von Carlow (Oranienbaum, Russia 25 Jul 1891-k.in air raid in London 8 Oct 1940); m. St. Petersburg 10 Feb 1913 Pr Vladimir Galtizine (St. Petersburg 5 Jun 1884-St. Petersburg 13 Jul 1954)
  • 2e) Marie Catherine Sophie Gfn von Carlow (Oranienbaum 1 Nov 1893-London 5 Sep 1979); m.1st Tiflis 27 Nov 1916 Pr BorisGalitzine (Gatchina 6 Feb 1891-Tsarizine 6 Jun 1919); m.2d London 14 Jun 1929 Count Vladimir Kleinmichel (Rischkowursk 29 Jan 1901-London 17 May 1982)
  • 3e) Natalia Catharine Helene Gfn von Carlow (St. Petersburg 20 Nov 1894-Oranienbaum 4 Dec 1913)
  • 4e) Georg Alexander Michael Friedrich Wilhelm Albert Theodor Franz Gf von Carlow; he assumed the title Duke of Mecklenburg (Serene Highness), confirmed by Grand Duke Cyril of Russia 18 Jul 1929, and confirmed by the Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin with the style “Highness” 18 Dec 1950 (Oranienbaum, Russia 5 Oct 1899-Sigmaringen 6 Jul 1963); m.1st Geneva 7 Oct 1920 Irina Raievskya (Tsarskoie Selo 18 Aug 1892-Sigmaringen 22 Jan 1955); m.2d Pöcking 25 Jul 1956 Charlotte, Archdss of Austria (Prangins 1 Mar 1921-Munich 23 Jul 1989)
  • 1f) Georg Alexander Andreas Karl Michael Peter Philipp Ignaz Maria (Nice 27 Aug 1921-Mirow 26 Jan 1996); m. Sigmaringen 30 Apr 1946 (div 1974) Ilona, Archdss of Austria (Budapest 20 Apr 1927-Freiburg 12 Jan 2011)
  • 1g) Elisabeth Christine Auguste Luise Irene Anna Cecilie Margarete Maria Immakulata Scholastika Katharina Gabriele et omnes sancti (b. Sigmaringen 22 Mar 1947); m. Lüdenscheid 15 Nov 1974 (rel) 3 May 1975 (div 1995) Alhard Gf von dem Bussche-Ippenburg, gen.v. Kessell (b. Ippenburg 30 Jun 1947)
  • 2g) Marie Catherine Elisabeth Henriette Friederike Sophie Josephine et omnes sancti (b. Stuttgart 14 Nov 1949); m. Bonn 17 Mar 1978 (rel) Biengen 15 Jul 1978 Wolfgang von Wasielewski (b. Bonn 15 Dec 1951)
  • 3g) Karoline Luise Irene Margarete Helene Margarita Albertine Konrada (b. Freiburg 18 Apr 1952); m. Biengen 26 Jul 1980 Constantin Harmsen (b. Hamburg 28 Apr 1954)
  • 4g) Georg Borwin Friedrich Franz Karl Stephan Konrad Hubertus Maria (b. Freiburg 10 Jun 1956); m. Hinterzarten 24 Dec 1985 (rel) 19 Jul 1986 Alice Wagner (b. Hinterzarten 2 Aug 1959)
  • 1h) Helene Olga Feodora Donata Maria Katharina Theresia (b. Freiburg 13 Oct 1988)
  • 2h) Georg Alexander Michael Heinrich Ernst Franz Ferdinand Johannes Maria (b. Freiburg 17 Jul 1991)
  • 3h) Carl Michael Borwin Georg Friedrich Franz Hubertus Maria (b. Freiburg 30 Jan 1994)
  • 2f) Alexander Gf von Carlow (3 Aug 1922-21 Aug 1922)
  • 3f) Helene Cecilie Therese Maria Immakulata Viktoria Sophie Franziska Monika (St. Leonard’s-on-Sea, Sussex 15 Nov 1924-Ibenburgen 7 Jul 1962); m. Hinterzarten, Schwarzwald 10 Feb 1955 Hassan Sayed Kamil (b. Langenthal, Switzerland 1918)
  • 4f) Karl Gregor Georg Friedrich Franz Heinrich Norbert Wenceslaus Johann Nepomuk Lazarus Clemens Maria de Mercede et omnes sancti (b. Remplin 14 Mar 1933); m.(civ) Hechingen 18 Dec 1965 (rel) Burg Hohenzollern 23 Apr 1966 Maria Margarethe Pss von Hohenzollern (Sigmaringen 2 Jan 1928-Hechingen 4 Aug 2006)
  • 4d) Karl Michael Wilhelm August Alexander, renounced his rights 24 Jun 1914 (Oranienbaum 17 Jun 1863-Remplin 6 Dec 1934)
  • 9b) Friedrich Karl Ferdinand (Hannover 7 Jan 1781-Hannover 24 Mar 1783)
  • 10b) Auguste Albertine (Hannover 19 May 1782-Hannover 20 May 1782)
  • 11b) Karl Friedrich August (Hannover 30 Nov 1785-Berlin 21 Sep 1837)
  • 7a) Ernst Gottlob Albert (Mirow 27 Aug 1742-Neustrelitz 27 Jan 1814)
  • 8a) Sophie-Charlotte (Mirow 19 May 1744-Kew Palace 17 Nov 1818); m. St. James’s Palace 8 Sep 1761 King George III of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover, etc (Norfolk House 4 Jun 1738-Windsor Castle 29 Jan 1820)
  • 9a) Gotthelf (Mirow 29 Oct 1745-Mirow 31 Oct 1745)
  • 10a) Georg August (Mirow 16 Aug 1748-Tyrnau, Hungary 14 Nov 1785)
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Privacy and Cookie Policy Last updated: 11 August 2026

Neue Gotha respects your privacy and is committed to handling personal data lawfully, fairly, and transparently. This Privacy and Cookie Policy explains who is responsible for personal data, what information we process, why we process it, how long we retain it, who may receive it, and the rights available to individuals under the General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (“GDPR”) and applicable national data-protection and electronic-communications law.

1. Who is responsible for your personal data?

The controller responsible for the processing described in this policy is:

  • Legal name: Neue Gotha Historical Register gUG
  • Trading or project name: Neue Gotha
  • Postal address: Musterstraße 12, 10115 Berlin, Germany
  • Email: editor@neuegotha.de
  • EU/EEA representative: Not applicable (the controller is established in Germany).
  • Data Protection Officer: No Data Protection Officer has been appointed. Privacy enquiries are handled through editor@neuegotha.de.

Questions about this policy or requests concerning personal data may be sent to the email or postal address above.

2. Scope of this policy

This policy applies to personal data processed through https://neuegotha.com, correspondence with the Neue Gotha editorial office, material submitted for editorial consideration, and editorial or archival records concerning identifiable living individuals.

It does not govern independent third-party websites or services linked from this website. Those providers are responsible for their own privacy practices.

3. Personal data we process and why

Processing activity Personal data Purpose Legal basis Retention
Website delivery, logging, and security IP address; date and time of access; requested page or file; referring page; browser, operating-system, and device information; error and security-event data Deliver the website, maintain availability, diagnose faults, prevent abuse, and protect the website and its users Article 6(1)(f) GDPR — our legitimate interests in operating a secure and reliable website. Where processing is required by law, Article 6(1)(c) GDPR may also apply. Routine access and error logs are retained for 14 days. Records isolated for investigation of a suspected security incident may be retained for up to 90 days after the incident is resolved, or longer where required for legal claims.
Editorial correspondence and enquiries Name, contact details, message content, correspondence history, and any documents or other information voluntarily provided Respond to enquiries, assess corrections or submissions, maintain editorial records, and protect legal rights Article 6(1)(f) GDPR — our legitimate interests in conducting editorial work and responding to correspondence; Article 6(1)(b) GDPR where processing is necessary to take steps at an individual’s request before entering into a contract; Article 6(1)(c) GDPR where retention or disclosure is legally required Correspondence is ordinarily retained for 24 months after the matter closes. Material required to document an editorial decision, resolve a dispute, meet a legal obligation, or establish, exercise, or defend a legal claim may be retained for the applicable limitation period.
Editorial, genealogical, and archival records Names; titles and styles; dates and places associated with public or genealogical events; family relationships; jurisdictions, offices, and public roles; images; biographical information; source and citation information; and correspondence relating to accuracy or provenance Research, document, preserve, verify, correct, and publish material concerning dynastic, genealogical, heraldic, and institutional history Article 6(1)(f) GDPR — our legitimate interests and those of readers, researchers, and institutions in maintaining an accurate historical and genealogical reference work, subject to a documented necessity and balancing assessment. Applicable national rules implementing Article 85 GDPR concerning freedom of expression and information may also apply. For as long as the information remains relevant to the legitimate editorial or archival purpose, subject to accuracy review, correction, restriction, erasure, and applicable archiving or legal requirements
Cookie-consent and language preferences Consent choice, language preference, cookie identifiers, and related technical information Remember privacy choices, demonstrate consent where required, and provide the language selected by the visitor Article 6(1)(f) GDPR for strictly necessary preference and consent-management functions; Article 6(1)(a) GDPR for optional storage, access, or associated processing based on consent As stated in the cookie table below
Optional external services IP address, page URL, device and browser information, language choice, and service-interaction data, depending on the provider Provide optional translation, embedded content, analytics, or similar features actually enabled on the website Article 6(1)(a) GDPR — consent. Non-essential services remain disabled until consent is given. As described for each service and by the relevant provider

We do not use personal data for solely automated decisions that produce legal effects or similarly significant effects concerning individuals.

4. Editorial and archival information obtained from other sources

Neue Gotha is an editorial and historical reference project. Some information in the register may concern identifiable living individuals and may not have been collected directly from those individuals.

Depending on the record, information may be obtained from official gazettes and public registers; archives and libraries; published books and scholarly works; institutional publications; reputable news sources; publicly accessible websites; submissions from the individual concerned or their authorised representative; family representatives; and other documented sources.

The categories of information may include the categories listed under “Editorial, genealogical, and archival records” above. The material may be made available to website visitors and may be indexed by search engines. Neue Gotha seeks to use relevant, proportionate, and appropriately sourced information and to distinguish documented fact from uncertainty or editorial interpretation.

Individuals may contact the editorial office to request access, correction, contextualisation, restriction, or erasure. Requests are assessed under the GDPR and applicable national law, taking into account accuracy, source integrity, the public interest, freedom of expression and information, archival considerations, and the rights and freedoms of other people. No provision of this policy removes a right granted by applicable law.

Neue Gotha does not intentionally publish special-category personal data or information concerning criminal convictions about living individuals unless a specific lawful basis and any additional legal condition have been identified and documented.

5. Cookies and similar technologies

Cookies are small text files stored on, or read from, a visitor’s device. Similar technologies may perform comparable functions. Some are strictly necessary for a website or a service expressly requested by the visitor. Others, including many analytics, advertising, social-media, translation, or embedded-content technologies, require prior consent under applicable EU electronic-communications rules.

Neue Gotha does not place or access non-essential cookies, or activate non-essential external services, before valid consent has been given. Visitors may accept or reject optional purposes separately and may withdraw consent at any time by selecting the permanently available “Cookie settings” control. Withdrawing consent does not affect processing that was lawful before withdrawal. Strictly necessary technologies cannot be disabled through the consent tool, but they may be controlled through browser settings where technically possible.

The following table reflects the technologies currently deployed on the website. It is updated whenever a plugin, host, analytics tool, embedded service, or cookie configuration changes.

Name Provider Purpose Category Duration Third-party access
_scc_session Neue Gotha / managed hosting and site-control provider Maintains a short-lived session for website security and site-control functions Strictly necessary Browser session The contracted hosting or site-control provider may access the identifier when providing technical support
_tccl_visit Neue Gotha / managed website-analytics provider Distinguishes a single website visit and reduces duplicate counting within the same session Analytics — disabled until consent 30 minutes Yes; the contracted analytics provider processes the identifier on Neue Gotha’s behalf
_tccl_visitor Neue Gotha / managed website-analytics provider Assigns a pseudonymous visitor identifier used to produce aggregated website-usage statistics Analytics — disabled until consent 12 months Yes; the contracted analytics provider processes the identifier on Neue Gotha’s behalf
googtrans Neue Gotha / Google Translate Stores or applies the visitor’s language selection for the translation feature Functional — disabled until consent 12 months Google may receive technical and service-interaction data when Google Translate is activated
ng_gt_default_applied Neue Gotha / website translation plugin Records whether the website’s default translation setting has been applied Functional — disabled until consent 24 hours No direct vendor access is assumed; Google may receive data if activation causes Google Translate to load
eu_cookies_bar_consent Neue Gotha / locally hosted EU Cookies Bar plugin Stores the visitor’s cookie choices and prevents the banner from being shown unnecessarily Strictly necessary 6 months No, provided the consent plugin remains locally hosted and does not transmit consent records to its developer
wordpress_test_cookie Neue Gotha / WordPress Checks whether the browser supports cookies when an authorised user visits the sign-in page Strictly necessary Browser session No; the cookie is processed by Neue Gotha and its contracted host

Authorised editorial users may receive WordPress authentication, security, or preference cookies when they sign in. wordpress_logged_in_[hash] maintains an authenticated session for up to two weeks when “Remember Me” is selected; wordpress_sec_[hash] protects administrative access for the session; and wp-settings-[user_id] stores an editor’s interface preferences for up to one year. These internal cookies are processed solely for editorial access and site administration.

6. Google Translate, web fonts, and other external content

Where enabled with the visitor’s consent, Neue Gotha may use Google Translate to provide machine-generated translations. Activating the service may cause the visitor’s browser to connect to Google and disclose technical information such as the IP address, requested page URL, browser or device information, and language or service-interaction data. Machine translations may contain errors and do not replace the original editorial text.

Website fonts are hosted locally by Neue Gotha and do not require a connection to Google. Google Translate remains an optional external service that is activated only after the visitor provides consent.

Information about Google’s processing is available in the Google Privacy Policy and Google’s explanation of how it uses information from sites and applications that use its services.

Embedded material from another website may allow that provider to process personal data as if the visitor had visited the provider directly. Non-essential embeds remain blocked until consent is obtained. Each enabled provider is identified in this policy and in the consent interface.

7. Recipients of personal data

Personal data may be disclosed only where necessary to:

  • hosting, content-delivery, backup, website-maintenance, email, security, and consent-management providers acting under contract;
  • translation, analytics, media, or other external-service providers selected by the visitor through the consent interface;
  • professional advisers, insurers, auditors, or other specialists where necessary to protect legal or operational interests;
  • courts, regulators, law-enforcement bodies, or public authorities where disclosure is required or permitted by law; and
  • the public and search engines where personal data form part of a lawfully published editorial or archival record.

8. International data transfers

Some service providers may process personal data outside the European Economic Area. Where the GDPR restricts such a transfer, Neue Gotha relies on an applicable European Commission adequacy decision or appropriate safeguards under Article 46 GDPR, such as the European Commission’s Standard Contractual Clauses, together with supplementary measures where required.

Cloudflare and Google may transfer limited technical information to recipients in the United States. Where the recipient is validly certified, the transfer is based on the European Commission’s adequacy decision for the EU–US Data Privacy Framework. Where that mechanism is unavailable or does not cover a transfer, the relevant provider’s European Commission Standard Contractual Clauses and supplementary technical and organisational measures are used. Information about the applicable safeguards, including how to obtain a copy, may be requested from editor@neuegotha.de.

9. How long we retain personal data

We retain personal data only for as long as necessary for the purposes described in this policy, including security, editorial integrity, source verification, dispute resolution, and compliance with legal obligations. The specific periods or criteria are stated in the processing and cookie tables above.

When a retention period ends, information is deleted or anonymised unless continued retention is required by law, is necessary for legal claims, or is justified by a documented editorial or archival purpose. Encrypted rolling backups are retained for 35 days and are then overwritten automatically, unless a backup has been isolated for incident recovery or a legal hold.

10. Security

Neue Gotha uses appropriate technical and organisational measures designed to protect personal data against accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure, or access. No method of internet transmission or electronic storage is completely secure, and absolute security cannot be guaranteed.

11. Your data-protection rights

Subject to the conditions and limitations in the GDPR and applicable national law, an individual may have the right to:

  • obtain confirmation as to whether personal data concerning them are processed and request access to those data;
  • request correction of inaccurate or incomplete personal data;
  • request erasure of personal data;
  • request restriction of processing;
  • object, on grounds relating to their particular situation, to processing based on legitimate interests;
  • receive personal data they provided in a structured, commonly used, machine-readable format and transmit those data to another controller where the right to portability applies;
  • withdraw consent at any time, without affecting the lawfulness of processing carried out before withdrawal; and
  • lodge a complaint with a competent data-protection supervisory authority.

To exercise a right, contact editor@neuegotha.de. Please identify the information or record concerned and the nature of the request. We may request information reasonably necessary to verify identity and protect personal data from unauthorised disclosure. Requests are normally answered within one month, subject to any extension permitted by law.

Where a request concerns published editorial or archival content, applicable rights may be limited where necessary and proportionate to reconcile data protection with freedom of expression and information or other rights recognised by law. Each request will be assessed individually.

12. Complaints

We encourage individuals to contact us first so that we can try to resolve a concern. Individuals also have the right to complain to the supervisory authority in the EU or EEA country of their habitual residence, place of work, or the place of the alleged infringement.

For this Berlin-based controller the supervisory authority is the Berliner Beauftragte für Datenschutz und Informationsfreiheit, Alt-Moabit 59–61, 10555 Berlin, Germany; telephone +49 30 13889-0; email mailbox@datenschutz-berlin.de; website https://www.datenschutz-berlin.de/.

13. Children

The website is intended as a general historical and reference resource and is not directed specifically at children. We do not knowingly request personal data directly from children for an online service requiring parental consent. If you believe a child has provided personal data inappropriately, please contact us.

14. Changes to this policy

We may update this policy when our processing activities, service providers, technologies, or legal obligations change. The current version will be published on this page with a revised “Last updated” date. Where required, we will provide additional notice or request renewed consent before introducing a new processing purpose.

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